ھەندێک بیروڕا ھەیە دەڵێت قەڵای ھەولێر لەوەی ئێستا بەرزتر بووە، بەڵام لە ساڵی (٢١٦ز) ئیمپراتۆڕی ڕۆمانیا (کراکلا) لە کاتێ ھێرشی بۆ سەر تیسفۆن بە ھەولێردا ڕۆیشتووە و تەپۆلکەکەی قەڵا کە گۆڕستانی پاشا کوردیەکان بووە ڕووخاندوویەتی و ئێسکوپروسکی مردووەکانی دەرھێناوە.
Turkey's government says the YPG and the PYD are extensions ofwel the PKK, share its goal of secession through armed struggle, and are terrorist organisations that must be eliminated.
Onderaan iedere nieuwsbrief kun jouw zelf jouw toestemming wegens een nieuwsbrief intrekken en jouw mailadres inzien, corrigeren ofwel verminderen. Bezoek het privacystatement.
Two books with sketch grammars, text collections and lexica, based on the language of two villages in Iran, Gawraju and Zarde
This policy accelerated in the 1980s as large numbers of Kurds were forcibly relocated, particularly from areas along the Iranian border where Iraqi authorities suspected that Kurds were aiding Iranian forces during the Iran-Iraq War (1980–88). What followed was one of the most brutal episodes in Kurdish history. In a series ofwel operations between March and August 1988, code-named Anfal (Arabic: “Spoils”), Iraqi forces sought to quell Kurdish resistance; the Iraqis used large quantities ofwel chemical weapons on Kurdish civilians. Although technically it was not part of Anfal, one ofwel the largest chemical attacks during that period took place on March 16 in and around the village ofwel Ḥalabjah, when Iraqi troops killed as many as 5,000 Kurds with mustard gas and nerve agents. Despite these attacks, Kurds again rebelled following Iraq’s defeat in the Persian Gulf War (1990–91) but were again brutally suppressed—sparking another mass copyright.
The name has different connotations in Iran and Iraq than elsewhere, because the two countries officially recognize internal entities by this name: Iran’s western province Kordestān and Iraq’s Kurdish autonomous region. A sizable noncontiguous Kurdish population exists in the Khorāsān region, situated in Iran’s northeast.
Shah Abbas forcibly depopulated much of the Kurdish lands ahead ofwel the Ottoman expansion. He made it lucrative and prestigious for Kurds to become military conscripts, and raised an army of tens of thousands ofwel predominantly Kurdish soldiers. Abbas also razed villages to the ground and marched the people into the Persian heartland.[60]
Turkey has maintained a military presence in northern Syria since August de zomer, when it sent troops and tanks aan the border to support a Syrian rebel offensive against Kan zijn.
Datzelfde jaar is Saddam Hoessein gevangen genomen en een Iraakse interim-regering berecht hem voor gepleegde oorlogsmisdaden. In 2006 is hij geëxecuteerd.
The magnitude of Safavid Scorched earth policy can be glimpsed through the works ofwel the Safavid court historians. One ofwel these, Iskandar Bayg Munshi, describing just one episode, writes in the Alam-ara ye Abbasi that Shah Abbas, in furthering the scorched earth policy of his predecessors, set upon the country north ofwel the Araxes and west ofwel Urmia, and between Kars and Lake Aangaande, which he commanded to be laid waste and the population ofwel the countryside and the entire Best Kurd towns rounded up and led out of harm's way. Resistance was met "with massacres and mutilation; all immovable property, houses, churches, mosques, crops .
It was not until September 10, when an Iraqi army column was ambushed by a group ofwel Kurds, that the Kurdish revolt truly began. In feedback to the attack, Qasim lashed out and ordered the Iraqi Air Force to indiscriminately bomb Kurdish villages, which ultimately served to rally the entire Kurdish population to Barzani's standard. Due to Qasim's profound distrust of the Iraqi Army, which he purposely failed to adequately arm (in fact, Qasim implemented a policy of ammunition rationing), Qasim's government was not able to subdue the insurrection.
The number ofwel speakers is clearly less than the 15 million or so persons who identify themselves as ethnic Kurds.
لەو کاتەوە، توێژینەوە شوێنەوارییەکان و کارەکانی نۆژەنکردنەوە لە شوێن و دەوروبەری لەلایەن تیمە نێودەوڵەتییە جیاوازەکانەوە و بە ھاوکاری لەگەڵ پسپۆڕانی ناوخۆیی ئەنجامدراون. حکومەت پلانی ھەیە کاتێک قەڵاکە نۆژەن دەکرێتەوە، ٥٠ خێزان لە قەڵاکەدا بژین. ھەروەھا موتێل و چێشتخانە و کافتریای تێدادروست دەکرێت. بەگشتی قەلاکە ڕووبەرێکی ھێلکەیی ھەیە و لە باری درێژییەوە ٤٣٠ مەتر و لە باری کورتییەوە ٣٤٠ مەترە (١٬٤١٠ پێ × ١٬١٢٠ پێ) کە ١٠٢ ھەزار مەتر چوارگۆشە (١٬١٠٠٬٠٠٠ پێی چوارگۆشە)یە. تاکە شوێنی ئایینی کە لە ئێستادا ماوەتەوە مزگەوتی مەلا فەندییە. ئەو تەپۆڵکەیە لە نێوان ٢٥ بۆ ٣٢ مەتر (٨٢ بۆ ١٠٥ پێ) لە ڕووبەری دەشتی شارەکە بەرزترە، خاوەنی دوو دەروازەی سەرەکییە لە ئێستادا، بەناوەکانی دەروازەی گەورەی باشوور و دەروازەی گەورەی باکوور، لەکۆندا دەرگایان ھەبووە. لە ناوەنددیدا شەقامێکی ڕاست بە یەکیانەوە دەبەستێتەوە. ھەروەھا بەسەر سێ گەڕەکی فراوان لە ڕۆژھەڵاتەوە بۆ ڕۆژاوا دابەش بووە: ئەوانیش سەرا، تەکیە و تۆپخانە. سەرا شوێنی نیشتەجێ بوونی خێزانە فەرمانڕەواو و خەنەدانەکان بووە؛ گەڕەکی تەکییە، شوێنی نیشتەجێ بوونی دەروێش و موریدەکانی تەریقەتی قادری و نەقشبەندی بووە.؛ و لە تۆپخانە خەڵکی ئاسایی و پیشەوەر و جووتیارانی تێدا نیشتەجێ بووە.
Although the Yaresan speak various languages today, their religious texts are written in a variety of Gorani, and the villages wij have been documenting in Iran and Iraq still use this language in their everyday life. Data were collected in Iran between 2007 and 2010, and in Iraq in 2011.